Kurssi: PHYS-A0140 - Aineen rakenne (TFM), Luento-opetus, 24.4.2023-2.6.2023, Aihe: Viikko 2

Toisella viikolla jatkamme klassisten aaltojen tarkastelua. Erityisesti aiheena ovat

heijastuminen ja taittuminen. Kirjassa luku 33.2 Reflection and refraction.
interferenssi. Kirjassa luvut 35.1 Interference and coherent sources, 35.2 Two-source interference of light ja 35.3 Intensity in interference patterns.
taipuminen. Kirjassa luvut 36.1 Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, 36.2 Diffraction from a single slit, 36.3 Intensity in the single-slit pattern.
kaksoisrakokoe. Kirjassa luku 36.4 Multiple slits.
Huygensin periaate. Kirjassa luku 33.7 Huygens's principle.

Lisäksi laskareita varten on hyödyllistä opiskella luku 36.7 Circular apertures and resolving power.

Kannattaa myös silmäillä luvut 33.5 Polarization ja 33.6 Scattering of light.

ChatGPT (18.3.2023): "please write a short explanation of diffraction"

Diffraction is a fundamental wave phenomenon that occurs when waves encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening, causing them to spread out and change direction. This behavior can be observed in various types of waves, such as light, sound, and water waves. Diffraction is responsible for numerous everyday experiences and is a key concept in understanding wave behavior in different contexts.

When waves encounter an obstacle or aperture, they bend around the edges, creating a new wavefront that spreads out in a pattern determined by the size and shape of the obstacle or opening. The extent of diffraction depends on the wavelength of the wave and the size of the obstacle or opening. When the size of the obstacle or opening is comparable to the wavelength, diffraction becomes more significant, leading to a pronounced spreading of the waves.

In the case of light waves, diffraction is responsible for various optical effects, such as the formation of interference patterns, the spreading of light through a small aperture, and the halo-like patterns observed around bright light sources. In acoustics, diffraction causes sound waves to bend around obstacles and fill a room, allowing you to hear sounds from around a corner.

Understanding diffraction is essential for various applications in science and technology, including the design of optical instruments, soundproofing, and the analysis of crystal structures using X-ray diffraction techniques.