KiVAKO: Chinese 1 and Chinese Characters 1, 5op
Grammar for Lesson 7
Suorituksen vaatimukset
This text will cover the following topics:
- Verbs
- Adverb 不 Bù (no) and 没 méi
- Questions with an interrogative pronoun: 什么 shénme (what) 哪儿 / 哪里 nǎr / nǎlǐ (where) 谁 shéi (who)
1. Verbs 姓 Xìng (surname),叫 jiào (call),认识 rènshì (to know)
- Nǐ xìng Yán ma
你 姓 言吗?Your surname is Yan? - Nín xìng shénme
您 姓 什么?(What is your surname?) - Wǒ jiào Lǐ Yán
我 叫 李 言。 (My name is Li Yan.) - Rènshi nǐ wǒ hěn gāoxìng
认识 你,我 很 高兴!(To know you, I am very happy!)
2. Adverb 不 Bù (no) and 没 méi
Both 不 Bù and 没 méi are negations. 不 Bù refers to present or future situations and it negates an intention or a general facts. 没méi negates past events.
Standard negation with bu 不 + Verb / Adjective
-
Wǒ bù máng
我 不 忙。(I am not busy.)
-
Wǒ bù hē kāfēi
我 不 喝 咖啡。(I don't drink coffee.)
-
Wǒ méi hē kāfēi
我 没 喝 咖啡。(I didn't drink coffee.)
3. Questions with an interrogative pronoun 什么 shénme (what), 哪儿 / 哪里 nǎr / nǎlǐ (where), 谁 shéi (who)
The word order in a question with an interrogative pronoun is the same as that in a declarative sentence. In this kind of sentence, a question pronoun simply replaces the part of the sentence to which the interrogative pronoun corresponds.
When interrogative pronouns in the sentence, 吗 is not needed.
- Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi
你 叫 什么 名字?(What is your name?)
Wǒ jiào Lǐ Yán
我 叫 李 言。 ( I am Li Yan.)
- Nǐ shì nǎ 'er rén
你 是 哪儿 人? (Where are you from?)
Wǒ shì Fēnlán rén
我 是 芬兰 人。(I am Finnish.)
-
Tā shì shéi
他 是 谁?(Who is he?)
Tā shì wǒ bàba
他 是 我 爸爸。(He is my father.)