Topic outline

  • Welcome to the course!

    Responsible teacher

    Dominic Stead, dominic.stead@aalto.fi


    Other contributors

    Dorina Pojani, University of Queensland (guest lecture, session 9)

    Meredith Glaser, University of Amsterdam (guest lecture, session 11)


    Learning outcomes

    After successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

    •     explain the interactions between land use and transport policies
    •     elaborate how different stakeholders influence land use and transport plans
    •     differentiate between different types of policy instruments used in land use and transport plans
    •     analyze and assess the impacts of plans, policies and instruments
    •     identify the reasons for the constancy and flux of different policies


      Course structure

      The course comprises 12 sessions:
      1. What’s the problem?  Monday 24 October 2022
      2. Mobility and accessibility. Wednesday 26 October 2022
      3. Why and how do governments intervene? Monday 31 October 2022
      4. Who decides? Who wins, who loses? Wednesday 2 November 2022
      5. The public interest. Monday 7 November 2022
      6. Policy design and integration. Wednesday 9 November 2022
      7. Policy assessment and evaluation. Monday 14 November 2022
      8. Why do policy approaches differ? Wednesday 16 November 2022
      9. Policy learning and transfer. Monday 21 November 2022
      10. Developing policies for sustainable urban development.  Wednesday 23 November 2022
      11. Synthesis and Q&A. Monday 28 November 2022
      12. Dialogue with practitioners. Wednesday 30 November 2022

    • Course timetable

      Not available unless: You belong to L01 (SISU)

      course timeline

    • Discussion groups

      Not available unless: You belong to L01 (SISU)

      Discussion groups will be held every Monday afternoon at 15:00-16:00 (after the lecture) and consider one specific question each week. Similar questions will feature in the final essay. PDF and MP4 files of all the materials listed here can be found in the section 'Supporting materials' (rather than clicking on the source URLs).


      1. Why are some cities removing parts of their road transport infrastructure? 15:00-16:00 on Monday 31 October 2022

      Key material:

      Khalaj, F.; Pojani, D.; Sipe, N. & Corcoran, J. (2020). Why are cities removing their freeways? A systematic review of the literature. Transport Reviews 40(5) 557-580, https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2020.1743919

      McKelvey, T. (2021). Biden’s unlikely plan to use roads to fight racism. BBC News 10 August 2021, https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-58106414 [news article]

      Moss, S. (2015). End of the car age: how cities are outgrowing the automobile. The Guardian 28 April 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/apr/28/end-of-the-car-age-how-cities-outgrew-the-automobile [extended news article]

       

      2. How important is the influence of citizens and other stakeholders on the content of plans? 15:00-16:00 on Monday 7 November 2022

      Key material:

      Eliasson, J. (2012). How to solve traffic jams. TED Talk September 2012, https://www.ted.com/talks/jonas_eliasson_how_to_solve_traffic_jams [video with transcript]

      Hirvola, A. (2022). Professional lobbying in urban planning: publicity management and transparency discourse on a collision course? Planning Theory & Practice 23(2) 175-193, https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.203492

      McGuirk, P.M. (1995). Power and influence in urban planning: Community and property interests’ participation in Dublin’s planning system. Irish Geography 28(1) 64-75, https://doi.org/10.1080/00750779509478679

      3. To what extent are preferences for transport policies likely to be similar across Nordic countries? 15:00-16:00 on Monday 14 November 2022

      Key material:

      European Commission (2020). Mobility and Transport. Special Eurobarometer Report 495. European Commission Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport and Directorate-General for Communication, Brussels, https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2226 [try to look for general trends in some of the statistics rather than reading the whole report in detail]

      Nadin, V. & Stead, D. (2008). European Spatial Planning Systems, Social Models and Learning. disP – The Planning Review 44(172) 35-47, https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2008.10557001

      Stead, D. (2018). Policy styles and instrument choice for mitigating climate change impacts in the transport sector. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 61(14) 2445-2467 https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2017.1397505

       

      4. To what extent does the use of cost benefit analysis result in rational planning decisions? 15:00-16:00 on Monday 21 November 2022

      Key material:

      Mouter, N. (2017). Dutch politicians’ use of cost–benefit analysis. Transportation 44(5) 1127-1145, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-016-9697-3

      Næss, P. (2020). Project appraisal methods: Tools for optimizing or for informed political debate? In: Mouter, N. (ed.) Standard Transport Appraisal Methods. Advances in Transport Policy and Planning Volume 6. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.287-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.atpp.2020.07.007

      Oliveira, V. & Pinho, P. (2010). Evaluation in Urban Planning: Advances and Prospects. Journal of Planning Literature 24(4) 343-361, https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412210364589


      5. To what extent can the ‘15/20-minute city’ concept be applied across entire cities and all cities? 15:00-16:00 on Monday 28 November 2022

      Key material:

      Kaufmann, V. (2022). The “15-minute city”: the way forward or an ideological mirage? Forum Vies Mobiles [Mobile Lives Forum], https://forumviesmobiles.org/en/arguings/15541/15-minute-city-way-forward-or-ideological-mirage

      Voisard, V. (2021). Will this be the first European city to ban cars? BBC Reel, 11 March 2021, https://www.bbc.com/reel/video/p08n2hwl/will-this-be-the-first-european-city-to-ban-cars- [news/documentary video]

      Whittle, N. (2020). Welcome to the 15-minute city. Financial Times 17 July 2020, https://www.ft.com/content/c1a53744-90d5-4560-9e3f-17ce06aba69a [news article]

       
      Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5
      Emre Elmas
      		 Aku Eloranta
      		 Valentine Desreumaux
      		 Linda Autio
      		 Umar Aslam
      Riina Karvonen
      		 Samu Hasegawa
      		 An Duong
      		 Ida Kettuoja
      		 Xin Chen
      Valtteri Lammassaari
      		 Camille Kleibergen
      		 Ella Eilola
      		 Annika Leinoluoto
      		 Ziyi Fu
      Daniel Liljestrand
      		 Jenni Kujala
      		 Regina Hackler
      		 Matias Säämäki
      		 Mervi Kylmälä
      Sol Eun Park
      		 Sami Niskakoski
      		 Christopher Kane
      		 Chia-Yin Shih
      		 Heini Lehtola
      Thu Pham
      		 Iina Rusanen
      		 Aino Lahnalampi
      		 Giulia Villetti
      		 Joona Lepistö
      Isabel Scherer
      		 Leonard Stenger
      		 Anton Partanen
      		 Florian Wiest
      		 Markus Suominen
      Lisa Teyssier
      		 Antto Tukia
      		 Ilmari Pyykkö
      		 Chris Yung
      		 Madelief van der Kraan
      Viola Väänänen
      		 Nadezhda Zubova








      Group 6 Group 7 Group 8 Group 9 Group 10
      Mounzer Awad
      		 Olajumoke Beyioku
      		 Sofia Ala-Ketola
      		 Joona Aspegren
      		 Carlos Acevedo
      Noura Mansour
      		 Aaron Bock
      		 Ida Ekman
      		 Samuel Babjak
      		 Nea Hurme
      Julia Mickos
      		 Riina Hiltula
      		 Marc Jacob
      		 Rex Fox O'Loughlin
      		 Aatu Jäntti
      Pinja Salo
      		 Laura Jaunākā
      		 Stefanos Kythreotis
      		 Anton Härkönen
      		 Maria Käpyvaara
      Mikko Saukkomaa
      		 Veeti Kuivalainen
      		 Venla Moisio
      		 Mikko Malmström
      		 Eetu Kaskela
      Joel Talvitie
      		 Elmo Lampén
      		 Tabea Quante
      		 Melissa Münster
      		 Rosemarie Maya
      Simone Zambrin
      		 Emmi Volanen
      		 Aku Staff
      		 Essi Salavirta
      		 Otto Tarnanen
      Meiling Zheng
      		 Lyon Wolf
      		 Wenchan Zhao
      		 Yuxi Shen
      		 Tim Van Schaik













    • Supporting materials

      Not available unless: You belong to L01 (SISU)

      Please consult the materials listed below if you want to read more about issues discussed in the lectures
      Copies of all materials are available at the end of this page (without clicking on the source URLs)!


      Session 1: What’s the problem? Monday 24 October 2022

      Banister, D.; Anderton, K.; Bonilla, D.; Givoni, M. & Schwanen, T. (2011). Transportation and the environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 36(1) 247-270, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-032310-112100

      Papa, E. & Ferreira, A. (2018). Sustainable accessibility and the implementation of automated vehicles: identifying critical decisions. Urban Science 2(1) 1-14, https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2010005

      Renn, A.M. (2015). Have we really reached ‘peak car’? The Guardian 30 April 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/apr/30/have-we-really-reached-peak-car [news article]

      Session 2: Mobility and accessibility. Wednesday 26 October 2022

      Banister, D. (2008). The sustainable mobility paradigm. Transport Policy 15(2) 73-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2007.10.005

      Bertolini, L. (2012). Integrating Mobility and Urban Development Agendas: a Manifesto. disP – The Planning Review 48(1) 16-26, https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2012.702956

      Handy, S. & Boarnet, M.G. (2014). Impact of highway capacity and induced travel on passenger vehicle use and greenhouse gas emissions. Policy Brief. California Air Resources Board, Sacramento (CA), https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Impact_of_Highway_Capacity_and_Induced_Travel_on_Passenger_Vehicle_Use_and_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_Policy_Brief.pdf

      Session 3: Why and how do governments intervene? Monday 31 October 2022

      Bandsma, K.; Rauws, W. & de Roo, G. (2021). Optimising nudges in public space: identifying and tackling barriers to design and implementation. Planning Theory & Practice 22(4) 556-571, https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2021.196295

      Khalaj, F.; Pojani, D.; Sipe, N. & Corcoran, J. (2020). Why are cities removing their freeways? A systematic review of the literature. Transport Reviews 40(5) 557-580, https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2020.1743919

      Stead, D. (2021). Conceptualizing the policy tools of spatial planning. Journal of Planning Literature 36(3) 297-311, https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412221992283

      Session 4: Who decides? Who wins, who loses? Wednesday 2 November 2022

      Campbell, S.D. (2016). The planner’s triangle revisited: sustainability and the evolution of a planning ideal that can’t stand still. Journal of the American Planning Association 82(4) 388-397, https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2016.1214080

      Forester, J. (1987). Planning In the face of conflict: negotiation and mediation strategies in local land use regulation. Journal of the American Planning Association 53(3) 303-314, https://doi.org/10.1080/01944368708976450

      McGuirk, P.M. (1995). Power and influence in urban planning: Community and property interests’ participation in Dublin’s planning system. Irish Geography 28(1) 64-75, https://doi.org/10.1080/00750779509478679

      Session 5: The public interest. Monday 7 November 2022

      Arnstein, S.R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35(4) 216-224, https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225

      Grant, J. (2005). Rethinking the public interest as a planning concept. Plan Canada 45(2) 48-50, https://cip-icu.ca/Files/Awards/Plan-Canada/Rethinking-the-Public-Interest-as-a-Planning-Conce.aspx

      Lane, M.B. (2005). Public participation in planning: an intellectual history. Australian Geographer 36(3) 283-299, https://doi.org/10.1080/00049180500325694

      Session 6: Policy design and integration. Wednesday 9 November 2022

      European Commission (2020). Mobility and Transport. Special Eurobarometer Report 495. European Commission Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport and Directorate-General for Communication, Brussels, https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2226

      Givoni, M.; Macmillen, J.; Banister, D. & Feitelson, E. (2013). From Policy Measures to Policy Packages. Transport Reviews 33(1) 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2012.744779

      Stead, D. (2008). Effectiveness and acceptability of urban transport policies in Europe. International Journal of Sustainable Transport 2(1) 3-18, http://doi.org/10.1080/15568310701516614

      Session 7: Policy assessment and evaluation. Monday 14 November 2022

      Faludi, A. (2000). The performance of spatial planning. Planning Practice and Research 15(4) 299-318, https://doi.org/10.1080/713691907

      Mouter, N. (2017). Dutch politicians’ use of cost–benefit analysis. Transportation 44(5) 1127-1145, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-016-9697-3

      Oliveira, V. & Pinho, P. (2010). Evaluation in Urban Planning: Advances and Prospects. Journal of Planning Literature 24(4) 343-361, https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412210364589

      Session 8: Why do policy approaches differ? Wednesday 16 November 2022

      Dudley, G. & Richardson, J. (1996). Why does policy change over time? Adversarial policy communities, alternative policy arenas, and British trunk roads policy 1945–95. Journal of European Public Policy 3(1) 63-83, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501769608407018

      Sorensen, A. (2015). Taking path dependence seriously: an historical institutionalist research agenda in planning history. Planning Perspectives 30(1) 17-38, http://doi.org/10.1080/02665433.2013.874299

      Stead, D. (2018). Policy styles and instrument choice for mitigating climate change impacts in the transport sector. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 61(14) 2445-2467 https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2017.1397505

      Session 9: Policy learning and transfer. Monday 21 November 2022

      Macmillen, J. & Stead, D. (2014). Learning heuristic or political rhetoric? Sustainable mobility and the functions of ‘best practice’. Transport Policy 35(September) 79-87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.05.017

      Marsden, G. & Stead, D. (2011). Policy transfer and learning in the field of transport: a review of concepts and evidence. Transport Policy 18(3) 492-500, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2010.10.007

      Stead, D.; de Jong, M. & Reinholde, I. (2008). Urban transport policy transfer in Central and Eastern Europe. disP – The Planning Review 44(172) 62-73, http://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2008.10557003

      Session 10: Developing policies for sustainable urban mobility.  Wednesday 23 November 2022

      Hasan, M.A.; Chapman, R. & Frame, D.J. (2020). Acceptability of transport emissions reduction policies: A multi-criteria analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 133, 110298, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110298

      Moreno, C.; Allam, Z.; Chabaud, D.; Gall, C. & Pratlong, F. (2021). Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, resilience and place identity in future post-pandemic cities. Smart Cities 4(1) 93-111, https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010006

      Stead, D. (2012). Best practices and policy transfer in spatial planning. Planning Practice and Research 27(1) 103-116 https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2011.644084




    • Assignments

    • Lecture presentations